Tuesday, December 17, 2013

PHYSICS WORKSHEET FOR CLASS 8

INTERNATIONAL TURKISH HOPE SCHOOL
UTTARA BOYS SECTION
                                                                       CLASS 8  
                                                         PHYSICS WORKSHEET                                                                                          
1.      The diagram shows the side view of a laptop computer.




A student opens the computer with an upward force of 4.2 N.
The force is applied 0.25 m from the pivot.
(a) (i) State the equation linking moment, force and distance.                 (1)






(ii) Calculate the moment of the force that opens the computer.             (2)




                                      Moment = ........................................................................................................ N m
(b) The student finds that 4.2 N is the minimum upward force needed to open the
       computer.
       Then the student applies a downward force, F, to close the computer.
 





Explain why the minimum force needed to close the computer is likely to be less
than 4.2 N.                                                                                                         (2)
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................




2.      A train travels 9 km from station A to station B.  It takes 15 minutes.
(a)       (i) State the equation linking average speed, distance moved and time taken.   (1) 







(ii) Calculate the average speed of the train and give its unit.      . (3)





Average speed = .................................................. unit ..................................................

(iii) The maximum speed of the train must be higher than the value you have
calculated.

Explain why.                                                                                            (2)
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(b) The train continues along a straight track from station B to station C.
The graph shows how the velocity of the train changes with time during this part of
the journey.
 















(i) Use the graph to calculate the acceleration of the train, in m/s2, during the first
100 seconds after it leaves station B.                           (3)



Acceleration = .............................................................. m/s2

(ii) Use the graph to calculate the distance, in m, between station B and station C.    (3)


Distance = .............................................................. m                                                                                                                                                                             

3.      Scientists test the safety features of a car by crashing it into a large block of concrete.
A dummy is placed in the driver’s seat and the scientists video the crash.
 











(a) In one test, the dummy and the car travel at 8 m/s. The mass of the dummy is 72 kg. Calculate the momentum of the dummy.                                                                                                                                                   (2)




                                                                        Momentum = .................................................... kg m/s

(b) In another test, the momentum of the dummy changes by 920 kg m/s in a time of 0.17 s.
Calculate the average horizontal force acting on the dummy during this time.     (2)




                                                                                 Average force = .................................................... N


(c) These tests help to make our roads safer.

(i) State two factors that affect the stopping distance of a car driven on a road.  (2)

1................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................




2................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Use ideas about momentum to explain how the crumple zone of a car helps to reduce injuries during a crash.                       
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4.      A rabbit runs across the road in front of a car.
The driver applies the brakes.

 

















State four factors that affect the chance of the rabbit escaping without being hit.    (4)

1................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................








                             
5.      Photograph C shows a student using an old camera that uses film.

 












                                                           Photograph C

(a) The film is pulled through the camera using lever A.
The student pushes on lever A with a force of 7.0 N.
The force is applied 0.04 m from the pivot.
(i) State the equation linking moment, force and distance. (1)



(ii) Calculate the moment of the force that turns lever A and give the unit. (3)



                            Moment = .................................................. unit ..................................................


(b) When all the film has been used, it is pulled back through the camera using lever R.

 











                
                                                            
                                                      Photograph D



The force acting on lever R is only 0.02 m from its pivot.
Explain why the minimum force needed to turn lever R is likely to be more than 7 N.  (2)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

6.      (a) Parachutes are used to slow down a spacecraft as it falls through the atmosphere.
Photograph G shows an Apollo spacecraft with three parachutes attached.
 












                                                       Photograph G

This spacecraft falls at a constant velocity.
(i) State the name of this constant velocity.(1)
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Explain why this velocity stays at a constant value.(3)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(iii) Photograph H shows an identical Apollo spacecraft. Only two of its parachutes are working.
 




                                                         

                                                 Photograph H
Explain how the constant velocity reached by this spacecraft compares with
the constant velocity of the spacecraft shown in photograph G.(2)
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................



(b) Photograph I shows a Space Shuttle using a parachute when it lands on a runway.
 






Explain what would happen to the stopping distance of the Shuttle if this parachute did not open.                         (2)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

7. The diagram shows the driving force on a sports car as it moves along a race track.


 





(a) Name two forces that oppose the driving force.(2)
1 .........................................................................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................................................................

(b) The car has a mass of 1400 kg. The acceleration of the car is 5.5 m/s2.
(i) State the equation linking force, mass and acceleration. (1)




(ii) Calculate the force causing this acceleration. (2)

                                                                  

                                                                  Force = ........................................... N





(c) Graph 1 shows how the velocity of the car changes with time.











Calculate the distance that the car travels in the first four seconds.(3)


                                                                                                            Distance = ........................................... m
(d) As the car travels further along the track, its acceleration changes as shown in graph 2.

 













(i) Which feature of graph 2 shows that the acceleration changes?(1)
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

(ii) The acceleration changes even though the driving force does not change.
Suggest two possible reasons for this change in acceleration.(2)
1 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................



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